NCERT
Solutions for Class 8 Science Chapter 7 Conservation of Plants and Animals
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REPRODUCTION IN ANIMALS NIMALS
Chap 6 |
Short
Descriptions:
Conservation of Plants and Animals
Conservation of Plants and Animals
is crucial for maintaining the balance of nature and ensuring the survival of
various species, including humans. The conservation efforts are aimed at
protecting plant and animal species, as well as their habitats, to prevent
extinction and maintain biodiversity.
Deforestation and Its Causes: Deforestation
refers to the large-scale removal of trees from forests. This can be caused by
activities such as agriculture expansion, logging, urbanization, and mining.
The loss of forests has dire consequences for the environment.
Consequences of Deforestation: Deforestation
leads to habitat loss for millions of species, increased greenhouse gas
emissions, disruption of the water cycle, soil erosion, and loss of
biodiversity. It also contributes to climate change by increasing the amount of
carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.
Conservation of Forest and Wildlife: To
mitigate the effects of deforestation, it is essential to implement
conservation strategies. This includes the establishment of protected areas
such as Biosphere Reserves, Wildlife Sanctuaries, and National
Parks. These areas help preserve Flora and Fauna, which include
plant and animal life, and protect Endemic Species—those found only in a
specific region.
Biosphere Reserve: A Biosphere Reserve is a
designated area that aims to conserve biodiversity while promoting sustainable
development. It usually includes zones that are protected from human activities
and zones where sustainable practices are encouraged.
Flora and Fauna: Flora refers to plant life,
while fauna refers to animal life. The conservation of both is vital as they
are interdependent and play critical roles in ecosystems.
Endemic Species: These are species that are
native to a particular area and are not naturally found anywhere else.
Protecting endemic species is crucial as their loss would mean global
extinction.
Wildlife Sanctuary: A Wildlife Sanctuary is
an area where wildlife is protected from hunting, poaching, and habitat
destruction. It provides a safe haven for species to live and reproduce.
National Park: A National Park is a
protected area established by the government for the conservation of wildlife
and natural habitats. These parks often serve as important sites for research,
education, and tourism.
Red Data Book: The Red Data Book is a
document that keeps a record of endangered and threatened species. It is an
important tool for monitoring and conserving biodiversity.
Migration: Migration refers to the seasonal
movement of animals from one region to another. This natural phenomenon is often
affected by changes in climate and habitat conditions. Conservation efforts are
needed to ensure that migratory routes remain safe and accessible.
Recycling of Paper: Recycling paper helps in
reducing deforestation by decreasing the demand for new paper. It also saves
energy, reduces greenhouse gas emissions, and conserves water.
Reforestation: Reforestation involves
planting trees in areas where forests have been cut down. This practice helps
restore ecosystems, improve air quality, and combat climate change by absorbing
carbon dioxide.
In conclusion, the Conservation of Plants and
Animals is essential for preserving the planet's biodiversity. Protecting
natural habitats, managing resources sustainably, and restoring ecosystems are
critical steps towards achieving this goal.
-----------------------------------------------------
Topics and
Sub Topics in Class 8 Science Chapter 7 Conservation of Plants and
Animals:
|
Section Name |
Topic Name |
|
7 |
Conservation
of Plants and Animals |
|
7.1 |
Deforestation
and Its Causes |
|
7.2 |
Consequences
of Deforestation |
|
7.3 |
Conservation
of Forest and Wildlife |
|
7.4 |
Biosphere
Reserve |
|
7.5 |
Flora and
Fauna |
|
7.6 |
Endemic
Species |
|
7.7 |
Wildlife
Sanctuary |
|
7.8 |
National
Park |
|
7.9 |
Red Data
Book |
|
7.10 |
Migration |
|
7.11 |
Recycling
of Paper |
|
7.12 |
Reforestation |
NCERT
Solutions for Class 8 Science Chapter 7 Conservation of Plants and Animals
Question 1.
Fill in the blanks.
(a) A place where animals are protected in their natural habitat is called
______
(b) Species found only in a particular area is known as ______
(c)
Migratory birds fly to faraway places because of ________ changes.
Answer:
(a) Wildlife sanctuary
(b) endemic species
(c) climatic
Question 2.
Differentiate between the following.
(a) Wildlife sanctuary and biosphere reserve
|
Wildlife sanctuary |
Biosphere reserve |
|
The area
reserved in a forest for the protection of wild animals. |
The area
meant for the protection or conservation of the biodiversity. It also helps
in maintaining the culture of that area. |
(b) Zoo and
wildlife sanctuary
|
Zoo |
Wildlife sanctuary |
|
A place
where animals are protected in an artificial habitat, for an exhibition. |
A
protected area where animals live in their natural habitat. |
(c)
Endangered and Extinct species
|
Endangered species |
Extinct species |
|
The
species of animals whose numbers are diminishing to such a level that they
might face extinction. |
The
species of animals whose number is zero because of changes in their habitat
and other calamities. |
(d) Flora
and Fauna
|
Flora |
Fauna |
|
The
plants which are found in a particular area; e.g.Jamun, sal, etc. |
The
animals which are found in a particular area; e.g., leopard, cheetah,
elephant, etc. |
Question 3.
Discuss the effects of deforestation on the following:
(a) Wild animals
(b) Environment
(c) Villages (Rural areas)
(d) Cities (Urban areas)
(e) Earth
(f) The next generation
Answer: (a) Wild animals: Trees are
the habitats as well as sources of food for the wild animals. Deforestation
leads to the destruction of the natural habitats of wild animals.
Answer: (b)
Environment: Deforestation increases the temperature and pollution level of the
environment. With the increase in the carbon dioxide level and a decrease in
the oxygen level, it gives rise to global warming. It also lowers the level of
ground water. Moreover, deforestation decreases the soil fertility and so,
increases the chances of natural calamities.
Answer: (c)
Villages (Rural areas): The decline in rainfall, the decrease in soil
fertility, and the chances of natural disaster affect the village life.
Answer: (d) Cities
(Urban areas): Deforestation result in global warming. It also results in the
increase in the level of pollution. Hence, deforestation affects the life in
cities.
Answer: (e) Earth:
Deforestation decreases the fertility of soil. It changes the physical
properties of soil. All these changes result in desertification.
Answer: (f) The
next generation: Deforestation will majorly affect the life of next generation.
The next generation will face problems at every step. Climatic conditions will
be adversely affected. There will be scarcity of food and clean environment.
Next generation won’t be able to see most of the animal species due to habitat
loss.
Question 4.
What will happen if
we go on
cutting trees
the habitat
of an animal is disturbed.
the top
layer of soil is exposed.
Answer:
If we go on
cutting trees, then:
the
temperature will increase to a greater extent.
the chances
of natural disaster to occur will increase.
the water
cycle will get disturbed.
Answer:
If the
habitat of an animal is disturbed, then:
the animals
will lose their natural habitat and will reach the level of being endangered.
most of the
animals may be forced to invade places meant for human living in search of food
and shelter.
Answer:
If the top
layer of soil is exposed, then:
the exposed
layer will lose all its nutrients, especially the hummus.
the water
holding capacity of soil will decrease.
desertification
will take place.
Question 5.
Answer in brief.
Why should
we conserve biodiversity?
Protected
forests are also not completely safe for wild animals. Why?
Some
tribals depend on the jungle. How?
What are
the causes and consequences of deforestation?
What is Red
Data Book?
What do you
understand by the term migration?
Answer:
The variety
in life existing on the earth, their inter-relationships, and their
relationships with the environment is referred to as biodiversity. We should
conserve biodiversity so as to maintain the food chain. The disturbance in the
food chain may affect the whole ecosystem.
Answer:
Since
capturing and killing of animals by poachers is still rampant in protected
forests and areas, so they are not safe for wild animals.
Answer:
Some tribes
depend on the jungle for the fulfillment of their basic needs of life, such as
food, medicine, clothing, shelter, etc.
Answer:
The causes
of deforestation may be the following:
Natural
causes like forest fires, droughts, etc.
Building
factories and houses.
Procuring
land for cultivation.
Making
furniture and using wood as fuel.
The consequences of deforestation are:
Natural
calamities like floods, etc.
Increase in
the temperature of the earth, i.e., global warming.
Change in
the physical properties of soil.
A decrease
in groundwater level.
Extinction
of many flora and fauna.
Answer:
Red Data
Book is a sourcebook which keeps records of all endangered plants and animals.
Answer:
Migration
means the movement of a species from its own habitat to some other place during
a certain period in a year for breeding or to overcome some climatic
conditions.
Question 6.
In order to meet the ever-increasing demand in factories and for shelter, trees
are being continually cut. Is it justified to cut trees for such projects?
Discuss and prepare a brief report.
Answer:
It’s not justified to cut trees just to fulfill our needs. Trees are known as
‘the lung of the earth’. They are the habitat of many living organisms,
including animals. They give us oxygen, and maintain the O2-CO2 balance as
well. They firmly bind the soil and hence prevent soil erosion. They also
reduce the chances of natural disasters like floods and droughts. They help
conserve our rich biodiversity. The cutting of trees causes an increase in the
carbon dioxide (CO2) level, which results in global warming. Moreover, it
causes soil erosion, floods, the greenhouse effect, etc. Hence, trees must be
protected.
Question 7.
How can you contribute to the maintenance of green wealth of your locality?
Make a list of actions to be taken by you.
Answer:
By taking up the following actions, I can contribute to the maintenance of
green wealth of my locality by:
Planting
saplings and trees.
Not
throwing the garbage on the streets.
Forbidding
others to cut trees.
Making
people aware of the significance of a clean and green environment.
Watering
the plants regularly and taking proper care of them.
Reusing and
recycling paper to save trees, energy, and water.
Question 8.
Explain how deforestation leads to reduced rainfall.
Answer:
Trees give out a huge amount of water in the form of water vapour during
transpiration. The reduction of water vapour affects cloud formation and thus,
results in less rainfall.
Question 9.
Find out about national parks in your state. Identify and show their location
on the outline map of India.
Answer:
Consider the map given below:
Question
10.
Why should paper be saved? Prepare a list of ways by which you can save paper.
Answer:
A large number of trees can be saved by saving paper. This will also save water
that is used to manufacture paper. Moreover, the harmful chemicals used in
papermaking will show their least effects on human beings and other organisms.
Some ways to save paper are the following:
recycling
of paper.
economical
use of paper.
paper
should not be burnt.
Question
11.
Complete the word puzzle.
Down
1. Species on the verge of extinction.
2. A book carrying information about endangered species.
5. Consequence of deforestation.
Across
1. Species which have vanished.
3. Species found only in a particular habitat.
4. Variety of plants, animals and microorganisms found in an area.
Solution:
Conservation
of Plants and Animals Class 8 Science NCERT Intext Activities
Solved
Activity 1 (NCERT Textbook, Page 77)
Add more causes of deforestation to your list and classify them into natural
and man-made.
Solution:
Natural causes of deforestation:
(i) Forest fires
(ii) Severe drought
Man-made causes of deforestation:
(i) Wood for the manufacturing of paper.
(ii) Wood for fuel and the making of houses.
Activity 2
(NCERT Textbook, Page 78)
Animal life is also affected by deforestation. How? List the points and discuss
them in your class.
Solution:
(i) Due to deforestation, a great disturbance is caused in the food chain.
(ii) Deforestation makes the animals homeless.
(iii) Due to deforestation, animals become easy prey for hunters.
(iv) Herbivorous animals face the scarcity of food due to deforestation.
(v) Animals face bad effects of natural calamities.
Activity 3
(NCERT Textbook, Page 79)
Find out the number of national parks, wildlife sanctuaries and biosphere
reserves in your district, state and country. Record in Table 7.1. Show these
areas in an outline map of your state and India.
Protected Areas for Conservation
|
Protected
Areas |
National
Park |
Wildlife
Sanctuary |
Biosphere
Reserve |
|
In my
district |
|||
|
In my
state |
|||
|
In my
country |
Do
it yourself.
Solution:
Activity 4 (NCERT Textbook, Page 80)
List the factors disturbing the biodiversity of your area. Some of these
factors and human activities may disturb the biodiversity unknowingly. List
these human activities. How can these be checked? Discuss in your class and
write a brief report in your notebook.
Solution:
Cutting of trees, rising air, water and land pollution, excessive construction,
using more resources or their products affect the biodiversity harshly.
Activity 5
(NCERT Textbook, Page 81)
Try to identify the flora and fauna of your area and list them.
Solution:
Flora (trees and plants): Pipal, sal, teak, kadamb, babool, mango, guava,
ferns, arjun, keekar, etc., are flora present in our locality.
Fauna (animals): Blue-bull, chinkara, cheetal, deer, leopard, wolf, wild dog,
etc., are the fauna present in our locality.
Activity 6
(NCERT Textbook, Page 81)
Find out the endemic plants and animals of the region where you live.
Endemic plants: Mahua, wild mango, sal, jamun, etc.
Endemic animals: Bison, Indian giant squirrel, etc.
Activity 7
(NCERT Textbook, Page 82)
Visit a nearby zoo. Observe the conditions provided to the animals. Were they
suitable for animals? Can animals live in an artificial setting instead of
their natural habitat? In your opinion, will the animals be comfortable in a
zoo or in their natural habitat?
Solution:
A zoo tends to provide suitable conditions for the animals to live in, similar
to their natural habitat.
Yes, animals can live in an artificial setting instead of their natural
habitat, as they live in natural environment and stay protected*from people.
As per my opinion, animals are safer in the zoo in comparison with their
natural environment, because special care is taken for the animals in the zoo.
But I think animals feel more comfortable to live in their natural habitat as
no one wants to live in prison.
NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Science Chapter 7 – 1 Mark Questions
and Answers
Question 1.
What is meant by deforestation ?
Answer:
Deforestation means clearing of forests,and using that land for other purpose
like building houses and factories.
Question 2.
What is meant by biosphere ?
Answer:
Biosphere is that part of the earth in which living organisms exist or which
supports life.
Question 3.
Define biodiversity.
Answer:
Biodiversity means the variety and variability of all microorganisms, plant and
animal life.
Question 4.
Name two animals which have become extinct. [NCT 2011]
Answer:
The mountain quail of Western Himalyas and the pink head duck.
Question 5.
What are Biosphere reserves ?
Answer:
Biosphere reserves are the areas meant for conservation of microorganisms,
plants and animals.
Question 6.
Define species.
Answer:
Species is a group of individuals which are capable of interbreeding with each
other.
Question 7.
What are endemic species ?
Answer:
Endemic species are exclusively found in a particular area only in small
numbers.
Question 8.
What is meant by Wildlife sanctuaries ?
Answer:
Wildlife sanctuaries are some areas where wild animals are protected and
preserved
Question 9.
What are National Parks ?
Answer:
National parks are reserves that protect the flora and fauna of the place.
Question
10.
Why has the survival of some animals become difficult ?
Answer:
Survival of some animals has become difficult because of changes in their
natural habitat.
Question
11.
What is meant by ecosystem ?
Answer:
An ecosystem comprises of all the plants, animals and microorganisms in an area
along with non-living components such as climate, soil, river, etc.
Question
12.
What is Red Data Book ?
Answer:
Red Data Book is the source book which keeps a record on population status of
the species included in the Red List.
Question
13.
What are migratory birds ?
Answer:
Birds who cover long distances to reach another land are known as migratory
birds.
Question
14.
Name the first Reserve Forest of India.
Answer:
Satpura National Park.
Question
15.
Name two wildlife sanctuaries of India.
Answer:
Kangha and Sultanpur.
Question
16.
Kaziranga and Corbett are …………. of India.
Answer:
National parks.
Question
17.
Name two endangered species of animals.
Answer:
The bison and antelope are endangered species of animals.
Question
18.
Why should soil be conserved ?
Answer:
Soil should be conserved to maintain the fertility of the soil.
Question
19.
Name two animal species which have become extinct in the past years.
Answer:
Dodo and thylacine.
Question
20.
Give one word for species found only in a particular area.
Answer:
Endemic species.
Question
21.
Name the organisation that produces the Red List.
Answer:
IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources).
NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Science Chapter 7 – 2 Mark Questions
and Answers
Question 1.
Why do we feel the need for conserving natural resources more than our
ancestors did ? Give two reasons.
Answer:
We have to conserves the natural resources because :
the
population of the world has increased.
as man has
progressed his needs have increased.
Question 2.
Differentiate between the following :
Wildlife
sanctuary and Biosphere reserve.
Zoo and
Wildlife sanctuary.
Endangered
and Extinct species.
Flora and
Fauna.
Answer:
Wildlife
sanctuary is a reserve area where wild animals are protected and preserved.
Biosphere reserves are the areas meant for conservation of biodiversity, i.e.,
variety of plants, animals and microorganisms. .
Zoo
is a place where animals live in artificial settings for public display.
Wildlife sanctuary is a place where animals live in their natural habitat
within a protected area.
Endangered
species are those whose number are diminishing and are facing extinction.
Extinct species are those which are already finished.
Flora are
the plants found in a particular area and fauna are the animals found in a
particular area.
Question 3.
What is the role of small animals in the ecosystem ?
Answer:
The role of small animals is important because they form a part of the food
chain and food webs.
Question 4.
Name the flora and fauna of Pachmarhi Biosphere Reserve.
Answer:
Flora – Sal, teak, mango, jamun, silver fern, arjun.
Fauna – Chinkara, blue bull, barking deer, cheetah, leopard, wild dog, wolf.
Question 5.
Name two endemic flora and endemic fauna of Pachmarhi Biosphere Reserve.
Answer:
Endemic flora – Sal and wild mango
Endemic fauna – Bison, Indian giant squirrels and flying squirrels.
Question 6.
Give two reasons why sanctuaries should be maintained.
Answer:
Sanctuaries
are places where killing (poaching) or capturing of any animal is strictly
prohibited.
Sanctuaries
provide protection and suitable living conditions to wild animals.
Question 7.
What are Rock shelters ? Where are they found ?
Answer:
Rock shelters are found inside the Satpura National Park. These are the
prehistoric evidences of human life in these jungles, which give us an idea
about the life of primitive humans.
Question 8.
What is Project Tiger ? What is its objective ?
Answer:
Project Tiger was launched on 1st April 1973 by our government to protect the
tigers of the country.
Question 9.
Why should paper be saved ?
Answer:
We should save paper because it takes 17 full grown trees to make one tonne of
paper.
Question
10.
How can we save paper ?
Answer:
We should reuse used paper and recycle it.
Question
11.
How can the resources be conserved ?
Answer:
Resources can be conserved by :
not wasting
the resources.
maintaining
their quality
Question
12.
Which factors are responsible for cutting of forest ?
Answer:
As man’s need for land used in housing and farming and wood for fuel and
construction increased, he started cutting down forests.
Question
13.
Expand
WWF
IUCN
Answer:
World
Wildlife Fund.
International
Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources
Question
14.
How can overgrazing destroy forests ?
Answer:
Due to overgrazing, the young trees get eaten or killed by trampling. The lower
leaves are eaten up and the roots and trunks are injured by cattle.
Question
15.
How does vegetation help to conserve water ?
Answer:
Vegetation slows down the flow of rain water on land and increases the
absorption of water by the soil.
Question
16.
Give the difference between Red List and Red Data Book.
Answer:
The Red List is a compilation of endangered wildlife species. The Red Data Book
provides data on population status of the species included in the Red List.
NCERT Solutions
for Class 8 Science Chapter 7 – 3 Mark Questions and Answers
Question 1.
What is Top
soil ?
Mention two
ways by which soil erosion can be prevented. [DA V (Winter) 2001]
Answer:
Top soil is
the layer of soil contains rock particles, living organisms and humus.
Soil
erosion can be prevented by :
Contour or
step farming, which reduces the flow of water.
Planting
trees as the roots help to bind the soil.
Question 2.
Mention two steps needed for conserving wildlife. Name two endangered species
of animals.
Answer:
The following steps can be taken to conserve wildlife :
by
preserving the habitat of wildlife.
by making
hunting regulations and ensuring their effective implementation.
Bison and
Beaver are two endangered species.
Question 3.
“When we conserve forests, we conserve wildlife and soil also”. Discuss.
Answer:
Wildlife conservation is related to forest conservation. Man has cleared
forests, converted grasslands into farmlands and flooded large areas by
constructing dams. This has destroyed the habitat of the wildlife. Forests
prevent soil erosion and maintain the fertility of the soil.
Question 4.
Explain three ways to conserve forests.
Answer:
Three ways to conserve forests are : .
Planned
harvesting — cutting few trees at a time, so that the uncut trees prevent soil
erosion and make seeds.
Protection
from fire.
Protection
from overgrazing by cattle, sheep, horses, etc.
Question 5.
How can the cutting of trees affect the ecological balance of a particular area
?
Answer:
Cutting of trees :
Disturbs
the habitat of wild animals, which would lead to extinction of animal.
Promotes
soil erosion.
More floods
are caused
Disturbs
oxygen – carbon dioxide percentage.
Question 6.
Fill in the blanks :
A place
where animals are protected in their natural habitat is called …………
Species
found only in a particular area is known as ……………
Migratory
birds fly to far away places because of ………. changes
Answer:
Sanctuary
Endemic
species
Climatic
Question 7.
What will happen if:
we go on
cutting trees.
the habitat
of an animal is disturbed.
the top
layer of the soil is exposed.
Answer:
If we go on
cutting trees, rainfall and fertility of the soil will decrease. The chances of
natural calamities such as floods and drought will increase. It will lead to
decrease in the water holding capacity of the soil and movement of water from
the soil surface into the ground. Animal life is also affected by
deforestation.
Answer:
If the
habitat of an animal is disturbed, it endangers their existence. Survival of
some animals becomes difficult because of the disturbances in their natural
habitat.
Answer:
Removal of
the top layer of soil exposes the lower hard and rocky layers. This soil has
less humus and it is less fertile. Gradually the fertile land can convert into
deserts.
Question 8.
“Water is renewable but oil is not”. Explain.
Answer:
Water evaporates from forest and other vegetation and condenses in the upper
layers of the atmosphere to form clouds and then it rains. The water goes down
in the soil and is therefore, a renewable source.
Oil is found below the earth in crude form. It is formed after millions of
years. When the oil is used, it is lost. Therefore, it is not a renewable
source.
Question 9.
What is the difference in conservation of renewable and non-renewable resources
?
Answer:
Conserving of renewable resources is to utilise them in such a way that nature
is able to replenish them as fast as they are used. In the case of
non-renewable resources it is not so. These resources take a long time in their
formation and will get finished very soon. So, they should be used judiciously.
NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Science Chapter 7 – 5 Mark Questions
and Answers
Question 1.
Discuss the effects of deforestation on the following : [NCERT]
Wild
animals.
Environment.
Villages
(Rural areas).
Cities
(Urban areas).
Earth.
The next
generation.
Answer:
The natural
habitat of wild animals is destroyed by deforestation.
Deforestation
decreases the level of oxygen in the atmosphere and ground water level.
In the
rural areas deforestation leads to loss in soil fertility and increased chances
of natural calamities such as floods and drought.
Deforestation
will lead to global warming in the cities.
On 4he
whole earth, deforestation would lead to high temperatures and increased
pollution level natural calamities and reduced levels of oxygen and ground
water.
The next
generation would not have enough wood and paper.
Question 2.
Answer in brief:
Why should
we conserve biodiversity ?
Protected
forests are also not completely safe for wild animals. Why ?
Some
tribals depend on the jungle. How ?
What are
the causes and consequences of deforestation ?
What is Red
Data Book ?
What do you
understand by the term migration ?
Answer:
Biodiversity
is important for all living creatures for the preservation of environment and
for economic reasons. Biodiversity is useful in scientific and medical
research.
Protected
forests are also not safe because people living in the neighbourhood encroach
upon them and destroy them.
Many tribes
still live in the jungle and are depend on the trees and the animals for their
survival.
Causes of
deforestation :
Using land
for cultivation.
Building
houses and factories.
Making
furniture or using wood as a fuel.
Forest
fires and severe drought.
Consequences
of deforestation:
Increases
the temperature and pollution level on the earth.
Decreases
the level of oxygen in the atmosphere and lowers ground water level.
Increases
chances of natural calamities.
Promotes
soil erosion.
Migration
means movement of the birds to far away specific areas every year during a
particular time because of climatic changes.
Question 3.
List the methods by which non-renewable resources can be conserved.
Answer:
Non-renewable resources can be conserved by following methods :
Avoid
wasteful use of sources.
Recycling
resources e.g., paper, plastic bottles, etc.
Finding
substitutes for non-renewable sources of energy, that is using alternative
sources of energy such as solar energy, wind energy, etc.
Repair and
use the appliance rather than discard it as soon as it gets spoilt.
Question 4.
“Conservation of resources means not only using the resources judiciously but
also maintaining their quality”. Discuss.
Answer:
This statement is correct because if we have the resources of poor quality, it
is of no use. We may have enough water, but if it is polluted it causes more
harm than benefit. It causes many diseases in human beings and animals.
Polluted air causes more harm in many cities as people get many diseases.
Question 5.
Why is managing of resources not very simple ?
Answer:
Managing resources is not very simple because the problems are inter related.
Solving one problem leads to another problem. Banning of insecticides will save
wildlife but will lead to shortage of food due to destruction of crops by
insects. So, we can say that banning of one thing leads to shortage of another
thing.
Question 6.
How does
planting of trees help to conserve soil ?
Why should
chemical fertilisers be used with caution ?
Answer:
The roots
of trees helps to find the soil and prevent soil erosion. Rows of trees planted
along the edges of farms act as wind breakers and prevent erosion by wind.
Chemical
fertilisers damage the porous structure of the soil and also kill soil
organisms such as earthworms which add loose fertile soil to the fields.
Question 7.
What are
endemic species ? “
Why are
these endemic species ?
Answer:
The species
which are unique to a specific region are known as endemic species. Sal and
wild mango are two example of endemic flora and bison and flying squirels are
examples of endemic fauna.
These are
endemic species because
their
ecological requirements are met over a small area.
they are
not capable of moving to other suitable habitats.
Question 8.
What are
the five conservation categories of wildlife ?
How many
biosphere reserves, national parks and sanctuaries are there in India ?
Answer:
There are
five conservation categories of wildlife — extinct, endangered, vulnerable,
rare and unsufficiently known species.
There are
15 biosphere reserves, 90 national parks and 448 sanctuaries in India.
NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Science Chapter 7 MCQs
Question 1.
Conversion of fertile land into deserts is known as
(a) deforestation
(b) desertification
(c) conservation
(d) none of these.
Answer: (b)
Question 2.
The variety of life on the earth is commonly referred to as
(a) biodiversity
(b) biosphere
(c) afforestation
(d) none of these.
Answer: (a)
Question 3.
The first national park in India is
(a) Bandipur national park
(b) Kaziranga national park
(c) Jim Corbett national park
(d) Satpura national park.
Answer: (c)
Question 4.
All type of plant life is known as
(a) fauna
(b) flora
(c) forest
(d) none of these.
Answer: (b)
Question 5.
When no member of a species exists, it is known as
(a) endemic species
(b) endangered species
(c) extinct
(d) vulnerable species.
Answer: (c)
Question 6.
Snow leopard is
(a) vulnerable species
(b) endangered species
(c) extinct
(d) endemic species.
Answer: (b)
Question 7.
A species found only in one particular place is known as
(a) endemic
(b) vulnerable
(c) endangered
(d) extinct.
Answer: (a)
Question 8.
Migration of birds takes place because
(a) they like to travel
(b) to find abundant food
(c) to meet other birds
(d) none of these.
Answer: (b)
Question 9.
Growing new trees in forests is known as
(a) deforestation
(b) desertification
(c) afforestation
(d) none of these.
Answer: (c)
Question
10.
How many Biosphere Reserves in India has the Indian Government established ?
(a) 10
(b) 5
(c) 14
(d) 20
Answer: (c)
=============
|
WHAT YOU HAVE LEARNT ‹ Wildlife sanctuary, national park and biosphere reserve are
names given to the areas meant for conservation and preservation of forest
and wild animals. ‹ Biodiversity refers to the variety of living organisms
in a specific area. ‹ Plants and animals of a particular area are known as
the flora and fauna of that area. ‹ Endemic species are found only in a
particular area. ‹ Endangered species are those which are facing the danger
of extinction. ‹ Red Data Book contains a record of endangered species. ‹
Migration is the phenomenon of movement of a species from its own habitat
to some other habitat for a particular time period every year for a
specific purpose like breeding. ‹ We should save, reuse and recycle paper
to save trees, energy and water. ‹ Reforestation is the restocking of
destroyed forests by planting new trees. |
BIODIVERSITY
BIOSPHERE
RESERVE
DEFORESTATION
DESERTIFICATION
ECOSYSTEM
ENDANGERED
SPECIES
ENDEMIC
SPECIES
EXTINCT
FAUNA
FLORA
MIGRATORY
BIRDS
NATIONAL
PARK
RED
DATA
BOOK
REFORESTATION
SANCTUAR
=============
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