NCERT Solutions for Class 6 Science
Chapter 2 Components of Food
Class 6 Science Chapter 2 Textbook Questions Solved
1. Name the major nutrients in our food.
Ans: The
major nutrients in our food are carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins and
minerals.
The table below shows the nutrients present in some food items:
(a) The nutrients which
mainly give energy to our body.
(b) The nutrients that
are needed for the growth and maintenance of our body.
(c) A vitamin required
for maintaining good eyesight.
(d) A mineral that is required
for keeping our bones healthy.
Ans:
(a) Carbohydrates
(b) Proteins
(c) Vitamin A
(d) Calcium
3. Name two foods each rich in:
(a) Fats
(b) Starch
(c) Dietary fibre
(d) Protein
Ans:
(a) Ghee, butter,
(b) Raw potato, rice,
(c) Spinach, cabbage, carrot, ladies finger, (any two)
(d) Milk, egg, fish, meat, pulses (any two).
4. Tick (/) the statements that are correct, and cross (X) those
which are incorrect.
(a) By eating rice
alone, we can fulfil the nutritional requirement of our bodies,
(b) Deficiency diseases
can be prevented by eating a balanced diet.
(c) A balanced diet for
the body should contain a variety of food items.
(d) Meat alone is
sufficient to provide all nutrients to the body.
(a) ________ is caused
by a deficiency of Vitamin D.,
(b) Deficiency
of_________ causes a disease known as beri-beri.
(c) Deficiency of
Vitamin C causes a disease known as________________ .
(d) Night blindness is
caused by to deficiency of_______________ in our food.
Ans:
(a) Rickets
(b) Vitamin B1
(c) Scurvy
(d) Vitamin A
Expected QUESTIONS for Class 6 Science Chapter 2
Class 6 Science Chapter 2 VERY SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS
1. Do all meals consist of the same food items?
Ans: No,
all meals do not have the same food items.
2. Why should a meal have different food items?
Ans: A
meal should have different food items because our body needs different kinds of
nutrients for proper functioning.
3. Do all foods contain all the required nutrients?
Ans: No,
all foods do not contain sill the nutrients required by our body.
4. Name two main types of carbohydrates found in our food.
Ans:
(i)
Starch
(ii) Sugar
5. What are carbohydrates?
Ans: The
compounds of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen which provide energy for our body are
called carbohydrates.
6. What happens when two or more drops of iodine solution fall
on a starch substance?
Ans: The
colour of the substance becomes blue-black.
7. If any food item gives a blue-black colour with iodine then
which nutrient is present in the food?
Ans: Starch.
8. Name two substances which provide carbohydrates.
Ans:
(i) Potato
(ii) Rice/wheat/maize/sugar
9. Name the food nutrient indicated by an oily patch on paper.
Ans:An
oily patch on paper shows the presence of fat.
10. Name two energy-providing nutrients.
Ans:
(i) Carbohydrates
(ii) Fats
11. Name a nutrient which helps in repairing the damaged body
cells.
Ans: Proteins.
12. Name two nutrients which protect the body from diseases.
Ans:
(i) Vitamins
(ii) Minerals
13. Name two plant food items which provide proteins.
Ans:
(i) Dal (pulses)
(ii) Soyabean
14. Name two sources of proteins provided by animals.
Ans:
(i) Milk
(ii) Eggs
15. Which type of food is called body-building food?
Ans: The
food containing proteins is called body-building food.
16. Name two food items which provide fats.
Ans:
(i) Oils
(ii) Ghee
17. Name various types of vitamins.
Ans: Various
types of vitamins are:
1.
Vitamin A,
2.
Vitamin B-complex,
3.
Vitamin C,
4.
Vitamin D,
5.
Vitamin E,
6.
Vitamin K.
18. Name a vitamin which represents a group of vitamins.
Ans: Vitamin
B-complex.
19. Name two sources of Vitamin A.
Ans:
(i) Fish-oil
(ii) Milk
20. Write two sources of Vitamin B.
Ans:
(i) Liver
(ii) Beans
21. Write two sources of Vitamin C.
Ans:
(i) Orange/lime
(ii) Amla
22. Write two sources of Vitamin D.
Ans:
(i) Fish
(ii) Butter
23. What is roughage?
Ans. The
food containing plant fibres which are also known as dietary fibres is called
roughage.
24. What is the main function of roughage?
Ans: The
main function of roughage is to help our body get rid of undigested food.
25. Name some food items which provide roughage.
Ans: Whole
grains, fresh fruits and vegetables are the main sources of roughage.
Class 6 Science Chapter 2 SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS
1. What are nutrients? Name major nutrients.
Ans: The
components of food which are needed by our body for growth and development are
called nutrients. The major nutrients are:
(i) Carbohydrates
(ii) Fats
(iii) Proteins
(iv) Vitamins
(v) Minerals
2. What are the functions of carbohydrates?
Ans: They
complete the energy requirements of the body so they are called energy
providing food.
3. Write a test for detecting the presence of starch.
Ans: Take
a piece of the food item. Put 2-3 drops of dilute iodine solution on it. If the
colour of the food item becomes blue-black, then it indicates the presence of
starch in the food item.
(i) Food + Iodine — Blue-black colour (starch present)
(ii) Food + Iodine — No blue-black colour (no starch present)
4. What are the functions of proteins?
Ans: Proteins
are the most important nutrient. They are called body-building food. They help
in the growth and repair of damaged cells and tissues of the body. They also
help our body to fight against infections. Proteins make our nails, hair and
muscles.
5. How can you test presence of proteins in a given food item?
Ans:Take
a small quantity of the food item. If the sample is solid, grind it. Put some
part of this in a clean test tube, add 10 drops of water to it and shake the
test tube. Now, with the help of a dropper, add two drops of solution of copper
sulphate and 10 drops of solution of caustic soda to the test tube. Shake well
and place the test tube in test tube stand for a few minutes.
Observe the colour of the contents of the test tube. If the colour of the contents turns
violet, the food item contains protein.
Note: Copper
sulphate and caustic soda solutions are harmful. Handle them with care.
Food + water + copper sulphate + caustic soda → violet colour → protein is
present.
6. What are fats? Name some fat-containing substances.
Ans: The
energy-rich sources of food are called fats. They provide energy to the body.
All types of nuts, mustard seeds, milk and butter are the major sources of fat.
Like carbohydrates, fats also contain carbon, hydrogen and oxygen but fats contain
less oxygen than carbohydrates.
7. Write a test for detecting, the presence of fat.
Ans: Take a small quantity of the food item. Rub it on a piece of white paper. Observe
carefully, you will find that the piece of white paper shows an oily patch on
it which indicates that the food item contains fat.
8. What are vitamins? Write various kinds of vitamins.
Ans: They
are protective compounds with no energy value. They help in proper body
functioning and are required by the body in very small quantities. Various kinds
of vitamins are—Vitamin A, Vitamin B-complex, Vitamin C, Vitamin D, Vitamin E
and Vitamin K.
9. People who eat seafood do not suffer from Goitre. Explain.
Ans: It
is so because seafood is a rich source of Iodine and Goitre is a deficiency
disease caused by to lack of Iodine.
10. Excess intake of fats is harmful to the body because it
causes obesity. Would it be harmful for the body to take too much of protein
or vitamins in the diet?
Ans. Yes,
excess intake of proteins and vitamins in the diet is harmful and may lead to
other diseases.
11. Name the vitamin that our body prepares in the presence of
sunlight.
Ans: Vitamin
D.
12. Name a vitamin that is not present in milk.
Ans: Vitamin
C.
13. A patient had stunted growth, swelling on face, discolouration
of hair and skin disease. Doctor advised him to eat a lot of pulses, grams, egg
white, milk etc. What is wrong with the patient? Explain.
Ans: The intake of
protein is not enough in his diet and all these symptoms are caused by to
deficiency of proteins.
14. A small child became very thin and lean and later he became
so weak that he could not move. Which nutrients should he eat so as to improve
his health?
Ans: Both
carbohydrates and proteins.
15. What are the functions of minerals?
Ans: Minerals
are a protective part of foods occurring naturally and are needed by our body in
small amounts. Minerals are essential for proper growth of the body and for maintaining good health. They do not provide energy. Milk, salt, eggs and green
leafy vegetables are the main sources of minerals.
16. Write the functions of water in our body.
Ans: Water
helps our body to absorb nutrients from the food. It also helps in removing the
waste from the body in the form of urine and sweat. We get water from various
types of liquids, fruits and vegetables.
17. What is obesity?
Ans: When a person eats
too much fat-containing foods, then the fat gets deposited in his body and he
may end up suffering from a condition called obesity.
18. What are deficiency diseases?
Ans: When
a person eats such a food continuously for a long time which may not contain a
particular nutrient, then this condition is called deficiency of that nutrient. A deficiency of one or more nutrients can cause diseases or disorders in our
body. Such types of diseases are known as deficiency diseases.
Class 6 Science Chapter 2 LONG ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS
1. List various types of nutrients and write the functions of
each.
Ans. The
various types of nutrients are:
(i) Carbohydrates: They
are mainly energy-providing nutrients.
(ii) Fats: They
provide energy for the body. They give much more energy than carbohydrates if
consumed in the same amount.
(iii) Proteins: They
are called body-building foods. Proteins help in the formation and repairing of
body parts. Skin, hair, muscles, and enzymes are made up of proteins.
(iv) Vitamins: Vitamins
help in protecting our body against disease. They also protect eyes, bones,
teeth and gums.
(v) Minerals: Minerals
are essential for the proper growth of the body and for maintaining good health.
2. What is a balanced diet? Write the components of a balanced
diet.
Ans: A
diet which provides the right proportion of all the nutrients that our body
needs along with roughage and water is called a balanced diet. The various
components of balanced diet are carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins,
minerals, roughage and water.
3. Prepare a chart to show various vitamins and minerals
and the disorders caused by their deficiency.
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